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Enhancing The Effects Of Platinum-Based Anti-Cancer Drugs
Daqing Li and colleagues, at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, have identified in vitro and in mice a way to enhance the anticancer effects of the commonly used platinum-based drug cisplatin.

Obama's Embryonic Stem Cell Proposal Goes 'Only Halfway' To Improving Research, Columnist Says
The Obama administration"s draft guidelines outlining criteria for federal funding of stem cell research "go only halfway toward freeing embryonic stem cell research" because "[s]ome of the most promising investigations will still be denied federal funding," syndicated columnist Froma Harrop writes in a Providence Journal opinion piece. Harrop writes that although "the public supports the research by more than two to one," there is "a vocal minority opposed to this work because it requires the destruction of embryos." According to Harrop, although Obama allowed research on embryos willingly donated by fertility clinic patients and lifted former President George W. Bush"s restrictions limiting federal funding to research on 21 existing stem cell lines, he "wouldn"t budge on the prohibition against funding research that allows for the creation of embryos out of human cells," known as therapeutic cloning. She notes that "therapeutic cloning has little to do with human cloning, which is about making new people and is illegal most everywhere. But say that cloning is being used in research, and many folks think they"re going to have a clone as a neighbor in a few years."Harrop continues, "[B]y allowing the use of embryos from fertility clinics and not those created by researchers, the administration lends credence to the view that embryos are full human beings." However, the "only difference between embryos in fertility clinics and the ones cloned for research is the motive of the people who created them." She concludes, "Obama"s timidity in rewriting the guidelines has slowed down important research and produced more confusion. And for Americans praying for cures from this science, the choice seems rather clear" (Harrop, Providence Journal, 5/28).
News of the day
School-Based Program Helps Prevent Dating Violence Among Teens, Especially Boys
A school-based program that integrates information about healthy relationships into the existing ninth-grade curriculum appears to reduce adolescent dating violence and increase condom use two and a half years later, according to a report in the August issue of Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. The effects of the low-cost intervention appear stronger in boys.
Mental Health

Heart Electrical Conduction Abnormality Believed Not To Be Serious May Pose Cardiovascular Risks

New research indicates that a finding on a routine electrocardiogram that signals a disorder of the electrical conducting system in one part of the heart and previously believed to be benign is associated with an increased risk for atrial fibrillation, the implantation of a pacemaker or death, according to a study in the June 24 issue of JAMA. Prolongation of the electrocardiographic PR interval, also known as first-degree atrioventricular block (AVB) when the PR interval exceeds 200 milliseconds, represents delayed conduction of electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles. It is frequently encountered in clinical practice. For patients who are not hospitalized, first-degree AVB typically occurs in the absence of cardiovascular disease. "The clinical significance of first-degree AVB in this setting is unclear. Several prior studies suggest that first-degree AVB has a benign prognosis, although these studies were based on young, healthy men in the military," the authors write. Susan Cheng, M.D., of the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Mass., and colleagues examined the prognosis associated with first-degree AVB. The study included 7,575 individuals (average age, 47 years; 54 percent women) from the community-based Framingham Heart Study who underwent electrocardiography between 1968-1974, with follow-up through 2007. During the follow-up period, 481 participants developed atrial fibrillation (AF), 124 required implantation of a pacemaker, and 1,739 died. The researchers found that individuals with first-degree AVB had an increased risk of future AF (approximately 2-fold), pacemaker implantation (approximately 3-fold) and moderately (1.4-fold) increased risk of all-cause death, compared with individuals without first-degree AVB. After adjustment for conventional risk factors, the PR interval was a significant predictor of all 3 outcomes. Each 20-millisecond increment in the PR interval was associated with an increased risk for AF, pacemaker implantation, and all-cause death. "The validity of these findings is supported by the large, community-based sample, the routine surveillance of all participants for cardiovascular outcomes, and the long period of follow-up," the authors write. "These results suggest that the natural history of first-degree AVB is not as benign as previously believed. Additional studies are needed to determine appropriate follow-up for individuals found to have prolongation of the PR interval on a routine electrocardiogram." (JAMA 2009;301[24]:2571-2577.) JAMA


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