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Deworming Drug Could Help Reduce Spread Of HIV In Africa, Study Finds
Providing girls in rural Africa with a deworming drug could help reduce the spread of HIV, according to a study recently published in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, the New York Times reports. The drug, called praziquantel, costs about 32 cents per pediatric dose and prevents schistosomiasis, a worm disease that starts as a urinary tract infection. If untreated, schistosomiasis can lead to female genital sores that can facilitate HIV infection. Because the drug can kill the worms but cannot cure genital sores, girls should be protected before they reach sexual maturity, according to the Times. "For this relatively small investment, the reproductive health of young women would be improved," the authors from the Sabin Vaccine Institute, Imperial College London and Oslo University wrote, adding that "there is a reasonable chance that HIV/AIDS transmission can be reduced." There are about 207 million schistosomiasis cases worldwide, 90% of which occur in Africa, where humans are exposed usually through snail-infested water. According to a pilot program conducted in Burkina Faso, all 70 million cases among young children in Africa could be treated for $22 million, and repeating universal treatment every two years for 10 years would cost $112 million (McNeil, New York Times, 5/26).

Toxic Chemicals Affect Steroid Hormones Differently In Humans And Invertebrates
In a study with important consequences for studies on the effects of chemicals on steroid responses in humans, a team of French and American scientists, including Michael E. Baker, PhD, professor in UC San Diego"s Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, have found that - contrary to earlier assumptions - enzymes used for the synthesis of steroids in insects, snails, octopuses and corals are unrelated to those used in humans.
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U.N. System Lacks 'Serious Focus On Gender' Issues, Opinion Piece Says
"The most lamentable and heart-breaking dimension of multilateralism" is the "absence of any serious focus on gender throughout" the United Nations system, Stephen Lewis, founder of AIDS-Free World, writes in a London Independent opinion piece. He adds, "I can cite chapter and verse, but let me start by telling you that whether it is poverty alleviation, or HIV and AIDS, or sexual violence and conflict, the whole panoply of discrimination visited on women around the world, particularly in developing countries, the U.N."s agencies and the Secretariat have been profoundly delinquent in their response."According to Lewis, the "struggle for gender equality has become the most important struggle on the planet; the continuing marginalization of 52% of the world"s population is simply unacceptable." He adds, "So we"re now engaged in an effort to create a new international agency for women, a fascinating undertaking that I hope will engage" governments. "Nothing approximates the possibility of finally having a vehicle that would give voice and res and support to the struggles of women around the world," Lewis writes, adding, "Everyone knows what"s happening in these areas about women"s vulnerability but there is never a consistent voice to bring it to the attention of the world community, to continue to hammer it home, to demand action from government." He concludes, "So the emergence and creation of a women"s agency I think would be a godsend internationally and would overcome the record of the United Nations on gender" (Lewis, Independent, 5/22).
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Psychologists Meet To Share Research In Coventry

More than 140 psychologists are meeting at the University of Warwick on 9th July 2009 to hear the latest theories and research at the British Psychological Society"s Division of Counselling Psychology annual conference. Over the course of the three-day conference, top counselling psychologists from around the UK and beyond will meet to talk about current issues and themes they face in counselling situations. Dr Elena Gil-Rodriguez from London Metropolitan University will present her study which explored women"s experience of their body and their body image in the year after having their first child. Elena found that body image was inextricably linked to women"s sense of self and the context within which they live, but that the empowering effect of childbearing and investment in interpersonal relationships appeared to protect the women from any negative impact on body image resulting from the bodily changes associated with childbearing. Psychologists will also hear from Nicola Richter from the University of Westminster, who will share her research into the factors that help people to find meaning in life. One of the keynote speeches comes from Mick Cooper, Professor of Counselling at the University of Strathclyde who will be talking about ethics in therapy. The British Psychological Society"s Division of Counselling Psychology annual conference is taking place at the University of Warwick from 9 - 11 July 2009. British Psychological Society


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